摘要
目的 探析维持性血液透析（MHD）患者首次使用动静脉内瘘过程中实施系统化新瘘穿刺护理的效果。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年1月实施MHD治疗患者180例，随机分为观察组和对照组各90例，对照组采取常规新瘘穿刺护理，观察组实施系统化新瘘穿刺护理，对比效果。结果 ①护理满意度。观察组护理满意度97.78%高于对照组66.67%，组间对比（P<0.05）；②并发症。观察组并发症发生率6.67%低于对照组15.56%，组间对比（P<0.05）；③动静脉内瘘的血流量：观察组动静脉内瘘平均血流量高于对照组，组间对比（P<0.05）。结论 MHD患者首次使用动静脉内瘘过程中采取系统化新瘘穿刺护理可有效降低并发症发生率，改善动静脉内瘘的血流量，提升患者满意度。
关键词： 维持性血液透析；系统化新瘘穿刺护理；动静脉内瘘；并发症；护理满意度；终末期肾病
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of systematic puncture nursing of new arteriovenous fistula in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients during their first use. Methods: 180 patients with MHD from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 90 cases in each group. The control group received routine new fistula puncture nursing and the observation group received systematic new fistula puncture nursing, and the effects were compared. Results: ① Nursing satisfaction. The nursing satisfaction of the observation group (97.78%) was higher than that of the control group (66.67%) (P < 0.05). ② Complications. The incidence of complications in the observation group was 6.67% lower than that in the control group (15.56%, P < 0.05). ③ Blood flow of arteriovenous fistula: the average blood flow of arteriovenous fistula in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion : Systematic puncture nursing of new arteriovenous fistula in MHD patients can effectively reduce the incidence of complications, improve the blood flow of arteriovenous fistula and enhance patient satisfaction.
Key words： Maintenance hemodialysis; Systematic puncture nursing of new fistula; Arteriovenous fistula; complication; Nursing satisfaction; End-stage renal disease
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