摘要
本文从病耻感的定义、病耻感测量工具、维持性血液透析患者病耻感研究现状、影响因素、干预措施进行综述，旨在为临床降低维持性血液透析患者病耻感，减轻患者心理负面情绪，促进患者心理健康，提高患者生活质量提供理论依据。随着医疗技术的不断进步，维持性血液透析已成为许多慢性肾脏病患者的主要治疗方法。然而，尽管这种治疗方法能够延长患者的生命，但它同时也给患者带来了许多心理和社会压力。其中，病耻感作为一种常见的心理障碍，严重影响了患者的心理健康和生活质量。本文将对病耻感的定义、测量工具、维持性血液透析患者的病耻感研究现状、影响因素以及干预措施进行综述，旨在为临床降低维持性血液透析患者病耻感，减轻患者心理负面情绪，促进患者心理健康，提高患者生活质量提供理论依据。
关键词： 维持性血液透析；病耻感
Abstract
This paper reviews the definition of stigma, measurement tools of stigma, research status, influencing factors and intervention measures of stigma in maintenance hemodialysis patients, aiming to provide theoretical basis for reducing stigma in maintenance hemodialysis patients, alleviating negative psychological emotions, promoting mental health and improving quality of life of patients. With the continuous progress of medical technology, maintenance hemodialysis has become the main treatment method for many patients with chronic kidney disease. However, although this treatment can prolong the life of patients, it also brings a lot of psychological and social stress to patients. Among them, stigma, as a common psychological disorder, seriously affects the mental health and quality of life of patients. This paper reviews the definition of stigma, measurement tools, research status, influencing factors and intervention measures of stigma in maintenance hemodialysis patients, aiming to provide theoretical basis for reducing stigma in maintenance hemodialysis patients, alleviating negative psychological emotions, promoting mental health and improving quality of life of patients.
Key words： Maintenance hemodialysis; Stigma
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