548 nursing students’s breastfeeding knowledge and attitude in a hospital of Guangzhou:A cross-sectional survey and analysis
广州某医院548名护理学生母乳喂养知识与态度的横断面调查及分析

摘要

目的 调查护理学生母乳喂养知识及态度水平，并分析其影响因素，为学校开展母乳喂养课程和实习单位进行实习生母乳喂养培训提供依据。方法 采用一般资料问卷、澳大利亚母乳喂养知识量表、修订版澳大利亚母乳喂养态度量表，对来到广州市某三级甲等妇幼保健医院实习的护理学生进行调查，对影响护理学生母乳喂养知识和态度的因素进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果 母乳喂养态度得分（最高分5分）为3.77±0.70分。母乳喂养知识得分（最高分20分）为8.16±3.08分。母乳喂养基础知识得分较高，对于配方奶喂养的风险、乳汁营养成分的变化、乳头皲裂的处理、肝炎妇女的母乳喂养等复杂情况的应对和处理掌握较差。母乳喂养知识影响因素线性回归分析年龄（P=0.012），母乳喂养态度（P<0.001）。结论 护理学生母乳喂养态度积极，母乳喂养知识亟需加强，特别是与临床密切相关的复杂情况的应对和处理方面，表明护理实习生在临床指导产妇母乳喂养困难时不能提供有效帮助。学校和实习医院需要对护理学生开展面向临床实践的母乳喂养知识和技能培训，并定期评价培训效果，以提高护理学生对母乳喂养工作的支持能力。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the level of breastfeeding knowledge and attitude of nursing students, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide basis for breastfeeding training in schools and practice units.
Methods The general data questionnaire, the Australian Breastfeeding Knowledge Scale and the revised Australian Breastfeeding Attitude Scale were used to investigate the nursing students who came to a Grade 3 A maternal and child health hospital in Guangzhou. The factors affecting the nursing students' breastfeeding knowledge and attitude were analyzed by single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results The breastfeeding attitude score (maximum score 5) was 3.77±0.70. Breastfeeding knowledge score (maximum 20 points) was 8.16±3.08 points. The basic knowledge of breastfeeding was high, and the coping and handling of complex situations such as the risks of formula feeding, changes in the nutritional composition of milk, management of chapped nipples, and breastfeeding in women with hepatitis were poor. Age (P=0.012), attitude towards breastfeeding (P<0.001) were analyzed by linear regression analysis.
Conclusion   Nursing students have a positive attitude towards breastfeeding, and their knowledge of breastfeeding needs to be strengthened, especially in the aspects of coping and handling complex situations closely related to clinical practice. It shows that nursing interns can not provide effective help in clinical guidance of maternal breastfeeding difficulties. Schools and practice hospitals need to train nursing students on breastfeeding knowledge and skills for clinical practice, and evaluate the training effect regularly to improve nursing students' ability to support breastfeeding work.