摘要
膝关节置换术（Total Knee Arthroplasty, TKA）是一种常见的外科手术，用于治疗严重的膝关节疾病。尽管TKA能够显著改善患者的生活质量，但术后并发症，特别是下肢深静脉血栓（Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT），仍然是一个重要的临床问题。DVT的发生不仅会延缓康复进程，还可能导致肺栓塞等危及生命的并发症。本研究旨在探讨快速康复护理（Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ERAS）与康有安运动训练系统的个性化运动处方结合在TKA术后预防DVT中的协同效应。本研究采用回顾性分析方法，对2023年6月至2024年4月期间在昆明医科大学第一附属医院接受TKA的80例患者进行研究。这些患者根据是否接受ERAS和个性化运动处方干预被分为干预组和对照组。研究结果显示，干预组患者的DVT发生率显著低于对照组，分别为10%和30%，差异具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。此外，Logistic回归分析表明，个性化运动处方干预是DVT发生的独立保护因素（OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.08-0.78, p = 0.02）。这些结果表明，ERAS与个性化运动处方的结合在预防TKA术后DVT方面具有显著效果，能够有效减少术后并发症，促进患者早期康复。
关键词： 快速康复护理；个性化运动处方；康有安运动训练系统；膝关节置换术；深静脉血栓；术后康复
Abstract
Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical procedure used to treat serious knee diseases. Although TKA can significantly improve patients' quality of life, postoperative complications, especially Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), remain an important clinical problem. The occurrence of DVT not only delays the recovery process, but may also lead to life-threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) combined with personalized exercise prescription of Kang Youan exercise training system in the prevention of DVT after TKA. A retrospective analysis was used to study 80 patients who received TKA at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between June 2023 and April 2024. These patients were divided into intervention and control groups based on whether they received ERAS and personalized exercise prescription interventions. The results showed that the incidence of DVT in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, 10% and 30%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In addition, Logistic regression analysis showed that personalized exercise prescription intervention was an independent protective factor for the development of DVT (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.08-0.78, p = 0.02). These results suggest that the combination of ERAS and personalized exercise prescription has a significant effect in preventing DVT after TKA, effectively reducing postoperative complications and promoting early recovery of patients.
Key words： Rapid rehabilitation nursing; Personalized exercise prescription; Kang Youan sports training system; Knee replacement; Deep vein thrombosis; Postoperative rehabilitation
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