摘要
目的 设计一种新型开口器，应用于正颌外科术后患者张口训练，对新型开口器进行效果评价。方法 选取2022年09月到2023年08月符合研究条件的正颌患者72例作为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为2组，试验组36例，对照组36例。试验组正颌术后采用常规护理方法+新型开口器进行张口训练，对照组采用常规护理方法+传统鸭嘴式开口器进行张口训练。对两组效果进行对比。结果 术后1个月、3个月试验组与对照组张口度比较具有显著性差异（P<0.05），且试验组优于对照组；术后6个月试验组与对照组开口度比较无显著性差异（P>0.05）；试验组与对照组舒适度比较具有显著性差异（P<0.05），且试验组优于对照组。结论 新型开口器不仅能测量开口度大小、使用方便，舒适度高，而且有效地改善患者术后张口困难，对正颌术后患者早期口腔功能恢复具有重要意义，临床上具有推广价值。
关键词： 新型开口器；正颌患者；张口训练；临床应用
Abstract
Objective To design a new type of mouth opener for mouth opening training in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and evaluate its effectiveness. Methods 72 eligible orthognathic patients from September 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method: an experimental group of 36 cases and a control group of 36 cases. The experimental group received regular nursing methods and a new type of mouth opener for mouth opening training after orthognathic surgery, while the control group received regular nursing methods and a traditional duckbill mouth opener for mouth opening training. Compare the effects of the two groups. Results There was a significant difference in mouth opening between the experimental group and the control group at 1 and 3 months after surgery (P<0.05), and the experimental group was superior to the control group; There was no significant difference in the opening degree between the experimental group and the control group 6 months after surgery (P>0.05); There is a significant difference in comfort between the experimental group and the control group (P<0.05), and the experimental group is superior to the control group. Conclusion The new type of mouth opener not only measures the size of the mouth opening, is easy to use, and has high comfort, but also effectively improves the difficulty of opening the mouth for patients after orthognathic surgery. It is of great significance for early oral function recovery in patients after orthognathic surgery and has clinical value for promotion.
Key words： New mouth opener; Orthognathic patients; Open mouth training; Clinical application
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