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Open Access Article

International Journal of Nursing Research. 2025; 7: (4) ; 52-59 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.ijnr.20250183.

A Qualitative Study of the Perception and Needs of Patients with Mechanical Valve Replacement for Hospital Discharge
机械瓣膜置换患者出院准备感知及需求的质性研究

作者: 冯雯娟, 杨琅晶 *, 张敏, 万紫玉, 安学丽

昆明市延安医院心脏大血管外科 云南昆明

*通讯作者: 杨琅晶,单位:昆明市延安医院心脏大血管外科 云南昆明;

发布时间: 2025-04-25 总浏览量: 34

摘要

目的 了解机械瓣膜置换患者出院准备的感知和对出院准备服务的需求。方法 采用现象学质性研究,选取2022年10月目的选取昆明市某三级甲等医院心脏大血管外科即将出院的首次行机械瓣膜置换术的患者15例作为访谈对象,采用半结构访谈方法,收集资料,运用QSR Nvino11.0软件,使用Colaizzi七步分析法对访谈内容进行整理和分析。结果 通过对访谈资料进行归纳、总结,提炼出4个主题,6个亚主题,分别为出院时存在心理上的矛盾感(包括期 望出院、内心焦虑2个亚主题)、对出院准备状态感到不确定、面临多种挑战(包括缺乏相关信息、回归社会需要时间、经济压力大、院外社会支持不足4个亚主题)、希望实现个人的自我价值。结论 心脏机械瓣膜置换患者出院时仍存在诸多照护需求问题,护理人员应全面、系统、动态地评估患者的出院准备状态和照护需求,以构建科学的、可实施的出院准备服务方案。

关键词: 机械瓣膜置换;出院准备;感知;需求;质性研究

Abstract

Objective To investigate the perception of discharge preparation and the demand for discharge preparation services in patients with mechanical valve replacement.
Methods A phenomenological qualitative study was used to select 15 patients who were about to be discharged from the Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery of a tertiary hospital in Kunming in October 2022 as the interview subjects, and the semi-structured interview method was used to collect data, and the interview content was sorted out and analyzed by QSR Nvino11.0 software and Colaizzi seven-step analysis method.
Results By summarizing and summarizing the interview data, 4 themes and 6 sub-themes were extracted, which were psychological ambivalence at discharge (including 2 sub-themes of expectation of discharge and inner anxiety), uncertainty about discharge readiness, multiple challenges (including lack of relevant information, time to return to society, high economic pressure, and lack of social support outside the hospital), and hope to realize personal self-worth.
Conclusion   There are still many nursing needs of patients with mechanical cardiac valve replacement when they are discharged, and nursing staff should comprehensively, systematically and dynamically evaluate the discharge readiness and care needs of patients, so as to construct a scientific and implementable discharge preparation service plan.

Key words: mechanical valve replacement; preparation for discharge; Perceive; Demand; Qualitative research

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引用本文

冯雯娟, 杨琅晶, 张敏, 万紫玉, 安学丽, 机械瓣膜置换患者出院准备感知及需求的质性研究[J]. 国际护理学研究, 2025; 7: (4) : 52-59.