摘要
目的 探讨基于ABC-X模型的护理干预对中青年脑卒中患者焦虑、抑郁及重返工作准备度的影响。方法 研究对象选取为包头市一家三甲医院收治的中青年脑卒中患者，研究周期为2024年12月-2025年6月，采用便利抽样法选取87名患者，将患者随机分为2组，干预组共有患者44例，对照组43例。随访过程中6位患者失联，1位患者问卷调查不符合要求，最终纳入80例。干预组患者采用本研究团队设计的基于ABC-X模型的方案，对照组患者实施常规的护理方法，并注意研究完毕后对于患者的补偿。实施干预3个月后比较2组的干预效果。结果 干预组患者出院3个月后的焦虑抑郁自评量表评分低于对照组，而心理一致感量表和出院3个月后重返工作准备度高于对照组。结论 基于ABC-X模型的护理干预可有效改善中青年脑卒中患者的焦虑、抑郁，提高患者心理一致感水平和重返工作准备度。
关键词： ABC-X；脑卒中；中青年；焦虑；抑郁；重返工作准备度
Abstract
Objective To explore the impact of nursing intervention based on the ABC-X model on anxiety, depression, and readiness for returning to work among young and middle-aged stroke patients. Methods The research subjects were young and middle-aged stroke patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Baotou City. The study period was from December 2024 to June 2025. Using the convenience sampling method, 87 patients were selected. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The intervention group consisted of 44 patients, and the control group had 43 patients. During the follow-up process, 6 patients lost contact, and 1 patient's questionnaire did not meet the requirements. Eventually, 80 cases were included. Patients in the intervention group received the intervention plan designed by our research team based on the ABC-X model, while patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, and attention was paid to compensating for the patients after the study. After 3 months of intervention, the intervention effects of the two groups were compared. Results The self-assessment scale scores of anxiety and depression of the patients in the intervention group 3 months after discharge were lower than those of the control group, while the psychological consistency scale and the readiness for returning to work 3 months after discharge were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the ABC-X model can effectively improve the anxiety and depression of young and middle-aged stroke patients, and enhance the level of psychological consistency and the readiness for returning to work of the patients.
Key words： ABC-X; Stroke; Young and middle-aged population; Anxiety; Depression; Readiness to return to work
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