Clinical analysis of 260 cases of oral and maxillofacial trauma in infants and preschool children
260例婴幼儿及学龄前儿童口腔颌面创伤的临床分析

摘要

目的 探讨婴幼儿（0~3岁）及学龄前（3~6岁）儿童口腔颌面部创伤的原因及特点，为针对性预防儿童口腔颌面部创伤提供参考。方法 回顾性分析我院口腔急诊科2023年1月~2023年12月夜间急诊因口腔颌面部创伤就诊的260例0~6岁的儿童患者，按照年龄、性别、季节性、外伤原因、外伤部位、进行回顾分析。结果 0~3岁儿童组口腔颌面部创伤发生率明显高于3~6岁儿童组口腔颌面部创伤；0~6岁儿童口腔颌面部创伤发生率男女比例为1.6:1； 7~9月份儿童口腔颌面部创伤发生比例较高；跌倒是造成创伤的主要原因；儿童口腔颌面部创伤最易出现的部位为唇部，其次为牙齿。结论 了解儿童口腔颌面部创伤的原因及特点至关重要，据此采取预防措施可减少此类创伤及意外伤害的发生。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the causes and characteristics of oral and maxillofacial trauma in infants (0-3 years old) and preschool children (3-6 years old), and to provide reference for the prevention of oral and maxillofacial trauma in children.
Methods 260 cases of children aged 0~6 years old who were treated for oral and maxillofacial trauma in the night emergency department of our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed according to age, gender, seasonality, cause and site of trauma.
Results The incidence of oral and maxillofacial trauma in 0-3 years old children group was significantly higher than that in 3-6 years old children group. The male/female ratio of oral and maxillofacial trauma in children aged 0-6 years was 1.6:1. The incidence of oral and maxillofacial trauma in children was higher from July to September. Falls are the leading cause of trauma; The most common oral and maxillofacial trauma in children was lip, followed by teeth.
Conclusion   The causes and characteristics of children's oral and maxillofacial trauma are diverse, and it is very important to understand and master the causes and characteristics of children's oral and maxillofacial trauma. According to the causes and characteristics of children's oral and maxillofacial trauma, appropriate preventive measures can reduce the occurrence of children's oral and maxillofacial trauma, so as to reduce the occurrence of children's accidental injuries.