摘要
目的 探讨基于赋能授权理论的自我管理对DR自我照护能力、生活质量及复发率的影响。方法 选取2023年12月至2024年12月我科收治的140例DR患者作为研究对象，按照入院时间分为对照组（2023年12月至2024年6月，常规护理）和观察组（2024年7月至12月，基于赋能授权理论的自我管理护理，每组70例，通过SDSCA量表、cfaVIQ量表及6个月内复发率评估干预效果。结果 干预后，观察组患者自护能力总分显著高于对照组（p<0.05），其中血糖控制、饮食控制、定期复查依从性改善最佳。生活质量方面，观察组在VRQoL的生理功能和社会心理适应维度得分显著增加，随访6个月后，观察组患者的复发率低于对照组。结论 基于赋能授权理论的自我管理在DR患者中的应用效果显著，能有效提升DR患者的自护能力、改善其生活质量并降低疾病复发风险，为临床实践提供了以患者为中心的非药物管理策略。
关键词： 赋能授权理论；糖尿病视网膜病变；自我管理；自护能力；生活质量；复发率
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of self-management based on the Empowerment Theory on patients' self-care ability, quality of life, and recurrence rate in diabetic retinopathy. Methods A total of 140 DR patients admitted to our department from December 2023 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into a control group (December 2023 to June 2024, routine care) and an observation group (July 2024 to December 2024, self-management nursing based on Empowerment Theory). The observation group received Each group included 70 patients. The intervention effects were evaluated using the SDSCA, the cfaVIQ, and 6-month recurrence rate assessment. Results After intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly higher self-care ability scores than the control group (p<0.05), with the most notable improvements in blood glucose monitoring, dietary control, and compliance with regular follow-ups. In terms of quality of life, the observation group showed significant increases in the physiological function and socio-psychological adaptation dimensions of VRQoL. After 6 months of follow-up, the observation group exhibited lower recurrence rates compared to the control group. Conclusion The application of self-management based on Empowerment Theory in DR patients demonstrates significant effectiveness, effectively enhancing self-care ability, improving quality of life, and reducing disease recurrence risk. It provides a patient-centered non-pharmaceutical management strategy for clinical practice.
Key words： Empowerment theory; Diabetic retinopathy; Self-management; Self-care capacity; Quality of life; Recurrence rate
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