Research progress on perioperative nursing of liver cancer immunotargeted therapy based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery
基于加速康复外科理念的肝癌免疫靶向治疗围术期护理研究进展

摘要

肝癌作为全球范围内高发的恶性肿瘤之一，其治疗模式正随着医学技术的发展不断革新，免疫靶向联合治疗已成为当前肝癌治疗的重要方向。加速康复外科（ERAS）理念以减少患者围术期生理及心理应激、促进术后快速康复为核心，与肝癌免疫靶向治疗的临床需求高度契合。本文从加速康复外科理念的核心内涵出发，结合肝癌免疫靶向治疗围术期的病理生理特点，系统梳理术前评估与准备、术中精准护理、术后并发症管理、营养支持及心理干预等方面的护理研究进展，分析当前临床实践中存在的问题，并对未来护理发展方向进行展望，旨在为临床护理人员提供科学的护理思路，进一步提升肝癌免疫靶向治疗患者的围术期护理质量，改善患者预后。

Abstract

Liver cancer, as one of the highly prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, its treatment model is constantly being innovated with the development of medical technology. Immune-targeted combined therapy has become an important direction in the current treatment of liver cancer. The concept of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) focuses on reducing the physical and psychological stress of patients during the perioperative period and promoting rapid postoperative recovery, which is highly consistent with the clinical needs of immunotargeted therapy for liver cancer. This article starts from the core connotation of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery, combines the pathophysiological characteristics of the perioperative period of immunotargeted therapy for liver cancer, systematically reviews the research progress in nursing in aspects such as preoperative assessment and preparation, precise intraoperative nursing, postoperative complication management, nutritional support and psychological intervention, analyzes the existing problems in current clinical practice, and looks forward to the future development direction of nursing. The aim is to provide clinical nursing staff with scientific nursing ideas, further improve the perioperative nursing quality of patients with liver cancer undergoing immunotargeted therapy, and enhance the prognosis of patients.