Analysis of the effects of individualized comprehensive nursing on negative emotions of patients with premature rupture of membranes and neonatal outcomes
个性化综合护理对胎膜早破患者不良情绪及新生儿结局的影响分析

摘要

目的 探讨个性化综合护理对胎膜早破患者不良情绪及新生儿结局的影响。方法 选取2024年3月—2025年3月我院收治的140例胎膜早破患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，每组70例。对照组实施产科常规护理，观察组实施个性化综合护理。比较两组患者干预前后焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分，以及分娩方式、产后并发症发生率和新生儿结局相关指标。结果 干预前，两组SAS、SDS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预后，两组SAS、SDS评分均显著降低，且观察组低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组自然分娩率为78.57%，高于对照组的55.71%；剖宫产率、产后感染率、产后出血率分别为21.43%、2.86%、4.29%，均低于对照组的44.29%、12.86%、14.29%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组新生儿1 min Apgar评分≥8分占比、5 min Apgar评分≥8分占比均高于对照组，胎儿窘迫发生率、新生儿感染发生率均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对胎膜早破患者实施个性化综合护理，可有效缓解其不良情绪，提高自然分娩率，降低产后并发症发生率，改善新生儿结局，具有重要的临床应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of individualized comprehensive nursing on negative emotions of patients with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and neonatal outcomes.
Methods A total of 140 PROM patients admitted to our hospital from March 2024 to March 2025 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method, with 70 cases in each group. The control group received routine obstetric nursing, while the observation group was given individualized comprehensive nursing. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores before and after intervention, as well as delivery mode and incidence of postpartum complications were compared between the two groups. In addition, neonatal outcomes were also compared between the two groups.
Results Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in SAS and SDS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the SAS and SDS scores of both groups decreased significantly, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The rate of spontaneous delivery in the observation group was 78.57%, which was higher than 55.71% in the control group. The rates of cesarean section, puerperal infection and postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group were 21.43%, 2.86% and 4.29% respectively, all lower than 44.29%, 12.86% and 14.29% in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The proportions of neonates with 1-min Apgar score ≥8 and 5-min Apgar score ≥8 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, while the incidence rates of fetal distress and neonatal infection were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The application of individualized comprehensive nursing for PROM patients can effectively alleviate their negative emotions, improve the rate of spontaneous delivery, reduce the incidence of postpartum complications and optimize neonatal outcomes, which has important clinical application value.