Analysis of the impact of cardiac rehabilitation nursing model on recovery outcomes and quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction
心脏康复护理模式对急性心肌梗死患者康复效果及生活质量的影响分析

摘要

目的 探讨心脏康复护理模式应用于急性心肌梗死患者的临床效果，分析其对患者康复进程及生活质量的影响，为临床护理工作提供实践参考。方法 选取2024年3月-2025年12月我院心血管内科收治的110例急性心肌梗死患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组各55例。对照组实施常规心血管护理干预，观察组在对照组基础上应用系统性心脏康复护理模式，干预周期为3个月。比较两组患者干预后的心脏功能指标（左心室射血分数LVEF、6分钟步行距离）、并发症发生率、住院时间，以及生活质量评分（SF-36量表）。结果 干预后，观察组LVEF为（57.2±4.5）%，显著高于对照组的（50.5±5.3）%（P＜0.05）；观察组6分钟步行距离为（482.3±33.1）m，明显长于对照组的（415.6±39.2）m（P＜0.05）；观察组并发症发生率为5.45%（3/55），显著低于对照组的18.18%（10/55）（P＜0.05）；观察组住院时间为（10.2±2.1）d，短于对照组的（14.5±2.8）d（P＜0.05）。生活质量方面，观察组SF-36量表各维度（生理功能、心理状态、社会交往、躯体疼痛）得分均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 对急性心肌梗死患者实施心脏康复护理模式，可有效改善患者心功能，提高运动耐力，降低并发症发生率，缩短住院时间，显著提升患者生活质量，具有较高的临床推广应用价值。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of a cardiac rehabilitation nursing model in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to analyze its effects on recovery progression and quality of life, thereby providing practical references for clinical nursing practice.
Methods A total of 110 AMI patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology at our hospital between March 2024 and December 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned into either a control group or an observation group using a random number table, with 55 patients in each group. The control group received conventional cardiovascular nursing care, while the observation group received a systematic cardiac rehabilitation nursing intervention in addition to the standard care. The intervention lasted for three months. Post-intervention outcomes were compared between the two groups, including cardiac function indicators left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and 6-minute walk distance, incidence of complications, length of hospital stay, and quality-of-life scores assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire.
Results After intervention, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of the observation group was (57.2±4.5)%, which was significantly higher than (50.5±5.3)% of the control group (P<0.05). The 6-minute walking distance of the observation group was (482.3±33.1) m, obviously longer than (415.6±39.2) m of the control group (P<0.05). The complication incidence rate of the observation group was 5.45% (3/55), remarkably lower than 18.18% (10/55) of the control group (P<0.05). The hospital stay of the observation group was (10.2±2.1) days, shorter than (14.5±2.8) days of the control group (P<0.05). In terms of quality of life, the scores of all dimensions of the SF-36 scale including physical function, mental state, social interaction and bodily pain in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Implementing a cardiac rehabilitation nursing model in patients with acute myocardial infarction effectively improves cardiac function, enhances exercise tolerance, reduces complication rates, shortens hospitalization duration, and significantly elevates quality of life. This approach holds substantial clinical value and warrants broader application.