Exploring targeted nursing measures for postoperative perianal edema in colorectal diseases
探究肛肠疾病术后肛周水肿的针对性护理措施

摘要

目的 探究针对性护理措施在肛肠疾病术后肛周水肿中的应用效果，为临床护理优化提供实践依据。方法 选取2023年6月-2024年6月于本院接受手术治疗的肛肠疾病患者68例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为常规组和实验组，各34例。常规组实施肛肠疾病术后常规护理，实验组实施术后肛周水肿针对性护理，比较两组患者肛周水肿发生率、水肿消退时间、术后疼痛程度及护理满意度四项观察指标。结果 实验组肛周水肿发生率低于常规组（P＜0.05）；实验组肛周水肿消退时间短于常规组（P＜0.05）；实验组术后24h、48h、72h、7d视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分均低于常规组（P＜0.05）；实验组护理满意度高于常规组（P＜0.05）。结论 肛肠疾病术后实施肛周水肿针对性护理，可有效降低肛周水肿发生率，缩短水肿消退时间，缓解术后疼痛，提升患者护理满意度，具有较高的临床推广价值。

Abstract

Objective To explore the application effect of targeted nursing measures in postoperative perianal edema of anal and rectal diseases, and provide practical basis for optimizing clinical nursing.
Methods A total of 68 patients with colorectal diseases who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group using a random number table method, with 34 patients in each group. The routine group received routine postoperative care for anal and rectal diseases, while the experimental group received targeted postoperative care for perianal edema. The incidence of perianal edema, edema resolution time, postoperative pain level, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
Results The incidence of perianal edema in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); The disappearance time of perianal edema in the experimental group was shorter than that in the conventional group (P<0.05); The visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group at 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after surgery (P<0.05); The nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the conventional group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Targeted nursing for perianal edema after surgery for anal and rectal diseases can effectively reduce the incidence of perianal edema, shorten the time for edema to subside, alleviate postoperative pain, and improve patient satisfaction with nursing care. It has high clinical promotion value.