Practice of enteral nutrition nursing for long-term bedridden patients with severe malnutrition
长期卧床重度营养不良患者的肠内营养护理实践

摘要

目的 探讨多学科协作联合超声可视化肠内营养护理对长期卧床重度营养不良患者的影响。方法 选取2024年1月-2025年12月本院38例患者，按随机数字法分为对照组、观察组各19例，分别行常规护理及肠内营养护理，干预4周，比较组间营养与肝功指标、肾功与电解质指标、血常规与免疫指标。结果 干预前两组各项指标比较无差异（P>0.05）；干预后观察组血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、前白蛋白（PA）、血红蛋白（Hb）、总淋巴细胞计数（TLC）显著更高，血尿素氮（BUN）、血肌酐（Scr）、C反应蛋白（CRP）显著更低，血清钾（K+）、血清钠（Na+）等电解质更平稳（P<0.05）。结论 肠内营养护理可改善长期卧床重度营养不良营养状况、维持脏器与电解质平衡，改善免疫及炎症状态。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of multidisciplinary collaboration combined with ultrasound-guided enteral nutrition care on patients with severe malnutrition who are bedridden for a long time.
Methods From January 2024 to December 2025, 38 patients in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, 19 cases each, receiving routine care and enteral nutrition care, respectively. The intervention lasted 4 weeks, and nutritional and liver function indicators, kidney function and electrolyte indicators, blood routine and immune indicators were compared between the groups.
Results Before the intervention, there were no significant differences in various indicators between the two groups (P>0.05); after the intervention, the observation group showed significantly higher serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), hemoglobin (Hb), and total lymphocyte count (TLC), and significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Electrolytes such as serum potassium (K) and sodium (Na) were more stable (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Enteral nutrition care can improve the nutritional status of patients with severe long-term bedridden malnutrition, maintain organ and electrolyte balance, and improve immune and inflammatory status.