Study on the effectiveness of risk assessment guided graded nursing in preventing acquired delirium in ICU cardiac surgery patients
风险评估引导分级护理对预防ICU心脏手术患者获得性谵妄发生的成效研究

摘要

目的 探讨风险评估引导分级护理在预防ICU心脏手术患者获得性谵妄中的应用效果。方法 选取2024年8月1日-2025年8月1日我院ICU收治的心脏手术患者64例，按随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组各32例。对照组实施ICU常规护理，实验组在常规护理基础上采用获得性谵妄风险评估引导分级护理干预。观察两组谵妄发生率、谵妄持续时间、ICU意识模糊评估法（Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU，CAMICU）评分、ICU住院时间、护理满意度，共5项观察指标并进行统计学分析。结果 实验组谵妄发生率低于对照组，谵妄持续时间、ICU住院时间短于对照组，干预后CAM-ICU评分低于对照组，护理满意度高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 风险评估引导分级护理可有效降低ICU心脏手术患者获得性谵妄发生率，减轻谵妄严重程度，缩短康复周期，提升护理质量与患者满意度，值得临床推广。

Abstract

Objective To explore the application effect of risk assessment guided graded nursing in preventing acquired delirium in ICU cardiac surgery patients.
Methods 64 cardiac surgery patients admitted to our ICU from August 1, 2024 to August 1, 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 32 patients in each group, using a random number table method. The control group received routine ICU care, while the experimental group received graded nursing interventions guided by risk assessment of acquired delirium on the basis of routine care. Observe the incidence of delirium, duration of delirium, ICU Confusion Assessment Method (CAM-ICU) score, ICU length of stay, and nursing satisfaction in two groups, and conduct statistical analysis on a total of five observation indicators.
Results The incidence of delirium in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and the duration of delirium and ICU stay were shorter than those in the control group. After intervention, the CAM-ICU score was lower than that in the control group, and nursing satisfaction was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Risk assessment guided graded nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of acquired delirium in ICU cardiac surgery patients, alleviate the severity of delirium, shorten the rehabilitation period, improve nursing quality and patient satisfaction, and is worthy of clinical promotion.