Study on Influencing Factors and Control Methods of Blood Drawing Quality
抽血质量影响因素与控制方法研究

摘要

目的 对抽血质量的影响因素进行详细分析，并根据分析结果制定相应的控制方法，为抽血质量的管理控制奠定良好的基础。方法 为了更好的分析抽血质量的影响因素，本次研究选取我院2019年1月-2020年1月期间2000例抽血检验结果，进行回顾性分析。同时对抽血检验结果中不合格的或不符合的情况进行统计，并对其进行详细的分析，以便找出导致抽血质量受到影响的主要原因。结果 通过对抽血质量影响因素的分析得知，所有的抽血检验结果中，有部分结果与临床症状存在不合格及不符合的现象，共计24例，通过合格例数和抽血样本总例数计算抽血不合格率，其不合格率为（1.2%）；另外，在所有的不合格样本中存在质量问题的样本有20份，质量问题样本在不合格样本中的比例为（83.33%），经过对不合格样本的分析发现，血液样本出现溶血、样本量较少、在输液过程中同侧进行采血、未空腹抽血、EDTA-K2混入抽取血液中、抽血样本放置时间较长以及加入抗凝剂错误等，是抽血样本质量问题的主要影响因素。结论 由于抽血样本的质量是保证血液检验准确性和温度性的重要基础，所以，在抽血过程中需要对质量进行严格的控制，并在管理时全面分析抽血质量的影响因素，为质量控制提供正确的引导。

Abstract

Objective To carry out a detailed analysis of the influencing factors of blood drawing quality, and to formulate corresponding control methods based on the analysis results, to lay a good foundation for the management and control of blood drawing quality.
Methods In order to analyze the factors influencing the quality of blood draw, this study selected the results of 2000 blood draws in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 for retrospective analysis. At the same time, the unqualified or non-conforming conditions in the blood test results are counted, and a detailed analysis is performed to find out the main reason that affects the quality of the blood draw.
Results By analyzing the factors that influence the quality of blood draws, it is known that some of the results of blood draw tests are unqualified and inconsistent with clinical symptoms, a total of 24 cases. The number of qualified cases and the total number of blood draw samples was used to calculate the unqualified rate of blood sampling. The unqualified rate was (1.2%). In addition, there were 20 samples with quality problems in all the unqualified samples. The proportion of samples with quality problems in the unqualified samples was (83.33%). After analysis of the unqualified samples, it was found that the blood sample was hemolyzed, the sample size was small, blood was collected on the same side during the infusion, no fasting blood was drawn, EDTA-K2 was mixed into the blood, and the blood sample was stored for a longer time. Length and errors in adding anticoagulants are the main factors affecting the quality of blood samples.
Conclusion   Since the quality of blood samples is an important basis for ensuring the accuracy and temperature of blood tests, strict control of quality is required during the blood sampling process, and the factors that influence the quality of blood sampling are comprehensively analyzed during management. So as to provide the right guidance for the quality control.