摘要
目的 分析手术室护士在工作过程中的职业危害因素，并对手术室护理的自我防护对策进行探讨。方法 对我院手术室护士进行职业危害因素进行调查，共计47例护理工作人员，使用本院自制的调查表来分析手术室护理人员的职业危害因素，并根据护理人员的建议，制定相应的防护对策。结果 根据调查可知，目前手术室护理人员的职业危害因素中，占比前三位的为接触病人血液和体液等污染、接触过X线等辐射、各种手术仪器发出的声音促使心情烦躁，其占比率分别为100.0%、80.85%、61.70%；此外，还存在消毒剂和麻醉剂等废气伤害、针刺伤、下肢静脉曲张、颈椎病、腰背酸痛等因素，进而会对护理人员的身心健康造成影响。结论 针对于手术室护理人员在工作过程中面对的职业危害因素，需要在进行合理分析的基础上，结合实际工作情况，制定出相应的解决措施，以实现对护理人员的有效防护，降低存在的危害因素。
关键词： 手术室护理；职业危害因素；自我防护对策
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the occupational hazards of nurses in the operating room during their work, and to discuss the self-protection countermeasures of nursing in the operating room. Methods: A survey was conducted on occupational hazards of nurses in the operating room of our hospital. A total of 47 nursing staff were employed. The self-made questionnaire was used to analyze the occupational hazards of nurses in the operating room. Also, according to the recommendations of nursing staff, formulate corresponding protective countermeasures. Results: According to the investigation, the top three occupational hazards for nursing staff in the operating room are exposure to blood and body fluids of patients, exposure to radiation such as X-rays, and the sounds of various surgical instruments to promote moodiness. The proportions are 100.0%, 80.85%, 61.70%; In addition, there are factors such as disinfectant and anesthetics such as exhaust gas injuries, acupuncture wounds, varicose veins of the lower extremities, cervical spondylosis, and low back pain, which may affect the physical and mental health of the nursing staff. Conclusion : In view of the occupational hazards faced by the nursing staff in the operating room during the work process, it is necessary to formulate corresponding solutions based on a reasonable analysis and combined with the actual work situation to achieve effective protection of the nursing staff and reduce factors of hazardous.
Key words： Coperating Room Nursing; Occupational Hazards; Self-Protection Countermeasures
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