摘要
护士是卫生系统的支柱，而护士短缺成为全球面临的重要挑战。国家护理事业发展规划（2016~2020年）[1]指出“十二五”时期的护理事业发展虽成效显著，但仍存在护士短缺，人员流失等诸多问题，现有护士人数仍不能满足卫生事业发展的需要[2]。护理专业学生是护士劳动力的主要来源。护理专业学生作为大学生的一个特殊群体，面对高风险、高强度的职业特征、学习环境和学习方式的变化、护患关系紧张等情况，压力感知程度较高，容易产生心理问题和应激性心理障碍[3-4]。护生心理弹性被认为是应对学业和职业挑战的重要积极心理特质。因此，教学人员可通过合理增设校内学生岗位，推行学生干部轮岗制，在护生实习期间开设临床管理实习课程，以增加学生锻炼的空间[5]，使护生积极应对专业挑战。本文从心理弹性概念、影响因素、测量工具和干预策略四方面综述护生心理弹性的研究进展，旨在提高护理教育者对心理弹性的认识，有助于提升护生的压力应对能力，增强护理队伍的稳定性。
关键词： 护生；心理弹性；影响因素；测量；干预策略
Abstract
Nurses are the backbone of the health system, and the shortage of nurses has become an important challenge facing the world. The National Nursing Career Development Plan (2016-2020)[1] pointed out that although the development of nursing care during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period has achieved remarkable results, there are still certain problems such as shortage of nurses and staff turnover. The current number of nurses is still not enough. Increasing demand for health[2]. Nursing students are the main source of nurse labor force. As a special group of college students, nursing students face high-risk, high-intensity occupational characteristics, changes in the learning environment and learning styles, and tensions in the nurse-patient relationship. They have a higher level of pressure perception and are prone to psychological problems and stress-induced psychological barriers[3-4]. Psychological resilience of nursing students is considered to be an important positive psychological trait for coping with academic and professional challenges. Therefore, it is reminded that educators can provide more students with exercise space through reasonable addition of some student positions in the school, implementation of the rotation system of student cadres, and provision of clinical management practice courses during the internship of nursing students[5]. Respond to professional challenges. This article summarizes the research progress of nursing students' psychological resilience from four aspects: the concept of psychological resilience, influencing factors, measurement tools and intervention strategies. The stability of the team.
Key words： Nursing Students; Psychological Resilience; Influencing Factors; Measurement; Intervention Strategy
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