摘要
目的 观察康复期血浆输注对新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)重型患者的效果，探讨总结护理要点。方法 回顾性分析2020年3月1日至4月1日接受康复期血浆输注治疗的21例COVID-19重型患者的临床资料，观察其平均住院日、死亡率、输血不良反应发生率、白细胞、淋巴细胞、C反应蛋白、IL-6、病毒抗体、咽拭子、核酸检测结果、胸部CT，呼吸道症状，总结血浆输注相关护理要点。结果 康复期血浆治疗患者无死亡，无输血相关不良反应发生；患者的抗体水平不同程度提高，尤以IgG 升高明显，P＜0.05；炎症水平(C反应蛋白和IL-6)，白细胞、淋巴细胞，均明显下降，P＜0.05；呼吸道症状得到改善，胸部CT稳定或较前吸收。结论 康复期血浆输注较安全可行，可以不同程度增加COVID-19重型患者的抗体水平，降低炎症因子水平，改善白细胞和淋巴细胞水平，改善患者呼吸道症状，新冠肺炎目前尚无特效治疗手段，血浆输注作为一种新的治疗方法，需要护理密切配合，护理中做好输注前准备，精准过程控制和后期效果观察、记录至关重要。
关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎；康复期血浆；护理
Abstract
Objective: To observe the effect of plasma transfusion during rehabilitation on severe patients with novel coronavirus (COVID-19), and to discuss and summarize the main points of nursing. Methods: To retrospectively analyze the clinicaldata of 21 COVID-19 severe patients receiving convalescent plasma infusion therapy from March 1 to April 1, 2020.Observe Leukocytes, lymphocytes,CRP，IL-6, viral antibodies, pharyngeal swabs, nucleic acid test results, chest CT, respiratory symptoms, and summarize the nursing points related to plasma transfusion. Results: There was no death and no transfusion-related adverse reactions in patients treated with plasma during the rehabilitation period; the antibody levels of the patients increased to varying degrees, especially IgG increased significantly, P＜0.05; inflammation levels (CRP and IL-6), white blood cells, Lymphocytes were significantly decreased, P＜0.05; respiratory symptoms were improved, chest CT was stable or absorbed earlier. Conclusion : Plasma infusion during the rehabilitation period is safe and feasible. It can increase the antibody level of COVID-19 severe patients to varying degrees, reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, improve the levels of white blood cells and lymphocytes, and improve the respiratory symptoms of patients. There is currently no specific treatment for COVID-19， Plasma infusion as a new treatment method requires close cooperation of nursing, preparation for infusion in nursing, precise process control and observation and recording of later effects are most important.
Key words： Novel coronavirus disease; plasma during rehabilitation; nursing
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