The needs and influencing factors of home care services for the elderly in the community
社区老年人居家养老服务需求及影响因素

摘要

目的 研究社区老年人居家养老服务需求，分析影响因素。方法 将社区老年人作为主要分析对象，选取时间为：2020年5月-2021年3月，期间选取60岁以上、自愿参与研究的160名老年人完成分析。使用问卷调查方法，主要是填写社会人口学资料（性别、年龄、户籍、文化程度、健康水平、职业以及月收入等）、社区居家养老服务需求表，在研究期间统计老年人相关资料，重点记录社区老年人居家养老需求评分、不同社会特征的老年人养老需求。结果 社区老年人对社会福利需求最大，评分为4.12±1.21分，对生活照料需求最低，评分为2.21±1.26分，总评分为136.85±37.25分，组间差异显著（P＜0.05）。结论 老年人随着年龄的增长，机体各项功能均处于衰退状态，对居家养老服务需求比较大，因此需要根据老年人需求，为其提供高质量的养老服务，促进老年人生活质量提高。

Abstract

Objective: To study the demand for home care services for the elderly in the community and analyze the influencing factors.
Methods: The elderly in the community were taken as the main analysis object, and the selection time was from May 2020 to March 2021. During this period, 160 elderly people who were over 60 years old and volunteered to participate in the study were selected to complete the analysis. Use questionnaire survey methods, mainly to fill in sociodemographic data (gender, age, household registration, education level, health level, occupation, monthly income, etc.), community home care service demand form, statistics related to the elderly during the research period, and key records Community elderly care needs scores at home, elderly care needs of different social characteristics.
Results: The elderly in the community have the greatest need for social welfare, with a score of 4.12±1.21 points, and the lowest demand for life care, with a score of 2.21±1.26 points, and a total score of 136.85±37.25 points, with significant differences between groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion  : As the elderly grow older, various functions of the body are in a state of decline, and there is a greater demand for home care services. Therefore, it is necessary to provide high-quality care services for the elderly according to their needs to promote the improvement of the quality of life of the elderly.